Poliomyelitis

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Multiple Sclerosis and our uncertain futures    Zurich Insurance

Sepsis is your body's severe response to an infection that has entered your bloodstream. More than 1.7 million Americans get sepsis each year, and about 350,000 people in the United States die from sepsis annually. Early recognition and quick treatment are key to surviving sepsis, but many people do not know what it looks like. This article will outline what sepsis is, how it feels, and what to do if you think you're at risk for it. Luis Alvarez / Getty Images What Is Sepsis? Sepsis is the term that describes your body's reaction to an infection that has entered your bloodstream. The infection could start anywhere—for example, in your urinary tract or a wound—and spread throughout your body through your blood. When this happens, your immune system launches a severe inflammatory response that can affect every system in your body. If left untreated, sepsis can progress to septic shock, a potentially fatal complication that causes lo...

Salient considerations in the management of patients with proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) include blood pressure (BP) control; optimizing salt and water balance; correcting metabolic complications; and retarding the rate of decline of kidney function such that arrival of endstage kidney disease (ESKD) is delayed or, optimally, averted. As regards the latter, there is compelling evidence that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) effectively delay the progression of CKD by actions that lower BP, proteinuria, and renal inflammation and fibrosis. However, as emphasized by the KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of BP in CKD (https://www.kidney-international.org/article/S0085-2538(20)31270-9/fulltext), the efficacy of these agents in retarding the progression of proteinuric CKD requires that their doses be escalated to ones maximally approved and to the extent that such doses are tolerated; the rationale for ...

[unable to retrieve full-text content] CDPHE not required to report RSV-related deaths    9News.com KUSA

People who experience a buildup of debris and gunk between their toes may have "toe jam." Toe jam may have one of several causes and is usually easy to treat. Many factors can cause toe jam, ranging from lint from socks and poor hygiene to fungal infections and underlying health conditions. This article discusses toe jam, its appearance, and associated symptoms. We also examine why it happens and the potential treatment and prevention options. Toe jam refers to the unpleasant-smelling debris that may collect between a person's toes. The term describes the resulting matter between the toes rather than a specific foot condition. Anyone can experience toe jam, and it can result from several medical conditions or environmental factors. The condition is not typically severe, and it is usually easy to treat with a few simple lifestyle changes. For some people, toe jam may be a symptom of a more serious medical condition that requires treatment by a healthcare professional. Toe ...

B efore this year, polio didn't feel like an urgent threat. The disease was eradicated in the U.S. in 1979, and thanks to a global vaccination campaign, it's endemic (though far from widespread) in just two countries—Pakistan and Afghanistan. But the calculus changed in 2022. In July, an unvaccinated man in New York state contracted polio. And this year, poliovirus has circulated in wastewater in London, Jerusalem, and—as recently as Oct. 28—in New York City and several surrounding counties. "Unvaccinated and undervaccinated in these areas are at risk for paralysis disease," researchers wrote in a report announcing the new New York findings. Anyone who falls into that category "should complete the vaccination series as soon as possible." Paradoxically though, one of the two types of polio vaccines is playing a role in the ...

A recent IDcases  journal study presents the first known case of myocarditis as a monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection complication.    Study:  Monkeypox Associated myocarditis: A case report. Image Credit: Design_Cells / Shutterstock.com Viral myocarditis and MPXV infection Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the heart. Myocarditis begins with the direct infiltration of an infectious agent and its proliferation inside or around the heart, subsequently resulting in myonecrosis. Multiple infectious and non-infectious factors contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition.  Heart failure has frequently been associated with a viral infection. In addition, viruses are the most common cause of infectious myocarditis, thus leading to the term 'viral myocarditis' in these cases. Several western countries have recently reported outbreaks of MPXV, a zoonotic virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus family. Infection...

When most people think of climate change, they envision melting icebergs and a rising sea level. While climate change is indeed warming the globe and causing the seas to rise, that is not the only detrimental effect. Disruption of weather patterns can include stronger and more frequent storms, droughts, wildfires, extreme flooding and heat waves. Climate change can also affect agriculture and land use. As regions become less livable, more people will become climate refugees. Warming temperatures and unprecedented flooding have also encouraged the spread of mosquitos well beyond their traditional breeding grounds, bringing dengue fever, malaria and the Zika virus to areas never before threatened by these debilitating illnesses. If nothing is done, Zika will threaten an additional 1.3 billion people by 2050, and dengue fever will impact 60 percent of the world's population by 2080. But many climate impacts on health are already happening. In the last fifty years, the incidence of de...

Share on Pinterest Experts say antibiotics can be effective in treating infections, but they should be used only when necesssary. The Good Brigade/Getty Images Officials are reporting that the antibiotic gepotidacin is performing so well in trials that it might be available sooner than expected to help treat urinary tract infections. If approved, gepotidacin would be the first new antibiotic to treat urinary tract infections in more than 20 years. Experts say a new treatment is needed because bacteria is becoming more resistant to current antibiotics. A new type of antibiotic for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) may be available sooner than expected. Gepotidacin, manufactured by the pharmaceutical company GSK, is being described as "novel" or "first-in-class" because of how it works to prevent or slow bacterial DNA replication. If approved, gepotidacin would be the first new antibiotic developed for treating UTIs in more than 20 years. It would also be avail...

Abstract Biofilm-based infection is a major healthcare burden. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of major organisms responsible for biofilm infection. Although biofilm is induced by a number of environmental signals, the molecule responsible for environmental sensing is not well delineated. Here we examined the role of ion transporters in biofilm formation and found that the sodium-glutamate transporter gltS played an important role in biofilm formation in MRSA. This was shown by gltS transposon mutant as well as its complementation. The lack of exogenous glutamate also enhanced biofilm formation in JE2 strain. The deficiency of exogenous glutamate intake accelerated endogenous glutamate/glutamine production, which led to the activation of the urea cycle. We also showed that urea cycle activation was critical for biofilm formation. In conclusion, we showed that gltS was a critical regulator of biofilm formation by controlling the intake of exogenous glutamat...