Poliomyelitis

Eczema is a condition that affects your skin because of a response from your immune system. It causes your skin to itch, develop rashes, and even change in color and texture. Eczema symptoms can come and go. You might refer to them as flare-ups when they are active. These symptoms will subside with proper treatment, but it can take time. In some instances, scratching from eczema may cause temporary discoloration or possible scarring. Avoiding triggers, managing flare-ups, and talking with your doctor are the best ways to handle eczema scars. More than 30 million Americans have eczema, and symptoms can vary a lot. You may have few symptoms and no lingering effects or more severe symptoms with long lasting skin changes. Eczema scars are usually the result of: changes in pigmentation after an eczema flare-up picking or scratching at skin that can lead to an open wound and possible infection These changes in your skin may persist long after your flare-up, but in most cases, they'll eve...

Two strains of the bacterium causing tuberculosis have only minor genetic differences but attack the lungs in completely different fashion, according to Rutgers researchers. The findings, published in the journal Nature Communications , could help break the cycle of rapid transmission of TB, the second-leading infectious killer in the world after COVID-19, according to the World Health Organization. The disease mechanisms uncovered in the study could also provide answers about why treatments work in some patients but not others. "These findings implicate strain differences as having an important effect on the response of lung alveolar macrophages and how tuberculosis manifests itself in the body and how it is transmitted," said study author Padmini Salgame, associate director of the Public Health Research Institute at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. "We also believe it will inform anyone hoping to devise more effective treatments." To better understand tran...

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx (throat). The main symptom of pharyngitis is a sore, painful throat. It's common, particularly in kids, and is typically seen in the winter, when the viruses that often cause pharyngitis are circulating. Pharyngitis accounts for up to 5% of all visits to a primary healthcare provider. It generally isn't serious and will go away on its own after a few days. But when the swelling is caused by things like bacteria or a fungus, medication is needed. LightFieldStudios / Getty Images Types of Pharyngitis There are two main types of pharyngitis—infectious and noninfectious.  Infectious pharyngitis is throat inflammation caused by something that's contagious, such as a virus or bacteria (germs).  Noninfectious pharyngitis is throat swelling stemming from things you can't catch, for example, environmental influences like cigarette smoke or a digestive disorder that allow...

Despite having checked the spread of COVID-19 infections across Shanghai during the last four weeks of lockdown, the death toll has begun to mount quickly. After reporting 39 deaths on Saturday, the next day, the number of new fatalities had jumped to 51, according to Chinese health officials. This brings the total to 138 since the resurgence of cases in March. Because Chinese health officials have been tracking asymptomatic, symptomatic, and those that convert to symptomatic cases separately, the day-to-day analysis conducted by the World Socialist Web Site found that over the last several weeks, the share of symptomatic COVID cases has been climbing congruent with the nature of the disease caused by COVID. Unsurprising, death as a lagging indicator is beginning to confirm the lethal potential of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus objectively and the critical need to eliminate every discovered outbreak. The Western press and prominent scientists,  like Dr. Michael Osterholm, have in...

Despite its name, ringworm is actually a type of fungal infection. And yes, you can get it on your feet. About 300 types of fungi have the potential to infect people, and ringworm is one of the most common. Ringworm is highly contagious and can be passed back and forth between humans and animals. Dog and cat owners, people with weak immune systems , and children all have an increased risk for contracting it. Even though ringworm can be a nuisance, it's rarely a serious problem. In this article, we'll take a closer look at the symptoms of this fungus, how it's treated, and how to prevent getting it on your feet. A foot ringworm infection is also called tinea pedis, or more commonly, athlete's foot. It's thought that about 15 percent of the world's population has a fungal foot infection. Ringworm most commonly affects the soles of your feet, between your toes, and around your toenails. The symptoms can range in severity from mild to very uncomfortable. Some of th...

In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv * preprint server, researchers assessed the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant on infected human cells and organs. Study: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant infection of human colon epithelial cells. Image Credit: PHOTOCREO Michal Bednarek/Shutterstock Various studies have reported the differences between the SARS-CoV-2 parental strain and the Omicron variant with respect to viral biology and manifestations of infection. Hence, the tropism and infectivity of Omicron in various infected organs need extensive research. About the study The researchers in the present study examined the influence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant on human colon epithelial cells. The team derived primary colon epithelial cells (colonoids) from biopsies obtained from healthy donors and cultured them. Each sample was isolated to confirm the presence of SARS-CoV-2 via ribonucleic acid (RNA) ...

You might've heard by now that it's important to get a flu shot. It helps prevent the flu, and if you do get the flu, the shot can make symptoms less severe so that you feel better faster. It's also free to get, and it protects you as well as others — because if you're protected against the flu, you can't pass it on to someone else. But sometimes you may feel sick the day after getting your flu shot. This is normal. Here, we'll talk about common side effects of the flu shot. Some people will feel fine after receiving their flu shot, but others may notice some side effects and symptoms. Generally, this is nothing to worry about and is often a sign that everything is working as expected. Flu vaccines are very safe , but common side effects of the flu shot include: Symptoms of the flu shot should subside within 1 to 2 days. If you're feeling under the weather after receiving a flu shot, be sure to get plenty of rest. It can be helpful to treat the situation as ...